Facebook A Social Networking - 2256 Words

Facebook Inc. Facebook Inc. was founded on July 29, 2004 as a social networking company by Mark Zuckerberg. Before Facebook, Zuckerberg attended Harvard University as a psychology major. Facebook was originally called The Facebook and was created for the purpose of social networking for students that attended Harvard, it didn’t take long for Facebook to gain popularity (Reuters, 2015). Now, almost 11 years later Facebook is a $234 billion company with 1.19 billion active users. Facebook’s market cap is just under that of Walmart; which is the world’s largest retailer (Lange, 2015). Facebook incorporated has gained popularity for the ease of use for users to network all over the world. Even though many people only know of Facebook’s social networking aspects, Facebook owns a few applications and products, and has a huge project in the works called Internet.org; in which they have collaborated with big name companies to complete. Facebook’s success is thriving from the ability to make great investment that will benefit them later, along with engaging users in different aspects of social networking and always â€Å"Biggering and Bettering† their brand. The company’s goals, user interactions, the satisfaction of its users and overall business practices are what makes them so great, Company Goals Facebook corporation has been busy preparing to create a stronger company over the next decade, with multiple projects and innovations; which include connecting the world to the internetShow MoreRelatedFacebook : A Social Networking901 Words   |  4 Pages Since Facebook’s inception, it has become a world-renowned social networking service connecting millions of people around the world. As of June 2014, there were over 1.3 billion active users globally. The concept of Facebook is incredibly simple, yet has managed to attract a large consumer base in such a short period of time. After registering to the site, users create an online profile specific to the individual’s preferences. Once the profile page is personalized, users add other people on theRead MoreFacebook : A Social Networking Site857 Words   |  4 Pages　　When one joins a social networking site, they basically sign their rights over to that site (Friends Without Boarders). Many people do not read the terms and conditions when making an account to begin with, so they never know what they are really getting into (Friends Without Boarders). For instance, did you know on Facebook when someone joins, it automatically allows Facebook to access their information? They collect data from their members off of third party websites, so they can tailor the websiteRead MoreEssay on Facebook and Social Networking947 Words   |  4 PagesFacebook is rapidly attracting multitudes of visitors every month instigating a shift in communication. This change consequently presents that societies are choosing to become part of the popular Facebook culture for various reasons, such as its renowned opportunities for keeping in touch with current social circles, reunifying long lost family and friends and broadening prospects of finding new companions. Facebook removes some of the barriers that may limit our regularity of communication withRead MoreFacebook And Social Networking Sit es Essay1619 Words   |  7 PagesNew media has been easily made available everywhere and Facebook in particular as one of the world most popular social networking site (SNS) can be made accessible from desktops, laptops, smartphones and tablet because of this, almost everybody can have access to Facebook anywhere they go. For the most reason, due to the introduction of new media, Facebook plays a key role communication and staying in touch with families, friends, acquaintances, businesses, groups meetings and a whole lot of othersRead MoreFacebook Is A Social Networking Site1467 Words   |  6 PagesFacebook is a social networking site (SNS) where people can communicate with one another, share photos and posts, and poke one another. Numerous studies have been conducted concerning Facebook, and an array of social and psychological theories have been used to study the SNS. When I was looking through my profile from over the years, I began to notice characteristics about me that I t ried to present to my audience. Self-esteem issues were present in my profile, and the social comparison theory relatedRead MoreFacebook Is An Online Social Networking1079 Words   |  5 PagesFacebook is an online social networking website founded by Mark Zuckerberg along with his fellow Harvard College roommates Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, Eduardo Saverin, and Chris Hughes. The website allows you to create your own wall on which you can share images, personal information, videos etc. Through the site’s messaging feature persons are able to connect with friends, families and many other people around the globe. The success and popularity of the website has attracted over a billionRead MoreFacebook And Social Networking Sites1532 Words   |  7 PagesMark Zuckerberg founded Facebook when he was 23 years old while he attended Harvard University. Zuckerberg went to Harvard to study psychology and while he went there he developed a number of social networking sites that allowed students to view other students with the same degree and others where users could rate people’s attractiveness. When Facebook was first launched in February of 2004 it was called â€Å"The Facebook†. 1,200 Harvard students signed up and had a Facebook profile within the firstRead MoreFacebook : A Social Networking Service Essay771 Words   |  4 PagesFacebook Facebook is a network company with headquarters in Menlo Park, California it has 15,724 employees as of September 30, 2016 and has US offices in Atlanta, Austin, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Detroit, Denver, Los Angeles, Menlo Park, Miami, New York, Reno, Seattle, Washington D.C. and International offices in Amsterdam, Auckland, Berlin, Brasilia, Brussels, Buenos Aires, Dubai, Dublin, Gurgaon, Hamburg, Hong Kong, Hyderabad, Jakarta, Johannesburg, Karlsruhe, Kuala Lumpur, London, Madrid, MelbourneRead MoreSocial Networking : The Cultural Logic Of Facebook Or Facebook?1188 Words   |  5 PagesAre you on Facebook, Twitter, or Snap Chat? This is the common question that everyone asks to each other whenever they meet someone new. Social networking sites have been an important part of our lives. Social networking sites, wikis, and communication tools, let people collaborate and share information online in previously unavailable ways. For most of the people, their day only begins with Faceboo k, Twitter, and other social sites. Over the years, Social networking has drastically changed the wayRead MoreFacebook : A Social Networking Sites Essay2202 Words   |  9 PagesThrough its years of operation, Facebook has been able to evolve and remain as one of the most popular social networking sites ever created. Facebook’s purpose is for users to connect, share,†¯and communicate with each other across the†¯internet. The case explores the beginning of Facebook, in 2003, when Harvard student, Mark Zuckerberg first created an on-campus website called Facemash. The site would allow other students to rank the attractiveness of fellow students and quickly became the topic of

Criminality and Victimization Are Affected by Globalization

Criminality and victimization are affected by globalization; the rapid growth of urbanization; and economic recessions which reinforce concerns about safety and security. Governments have a key role in developing overall policies, and in promoting, coordinating and supporting crime prevention. On the other hand, personnel with different skills and roles in crime prevention, whether police officers, judges and prosecutors, probation officers, social workers, health service, researchers, civil society organizations and communities, all play an important role in crime prevention project development and implementation (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). Risk of crime At the global level, countries are influenced by: major population movements; rapid urbanization; environmental disasters; economic recessions and organized crime. Such events can manipulate the state of a country’s political economy and infrastructure, and the capacity to govern may also be affected (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). At the national level, situations that increase the risks of crime and victimization are: disparity in household income between the poorest and the wealthiest; corruption; the quality of the infrastructure and institutions; and social and cultural patterns (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). At the local level, poor housing and neighborhood conditions, lack of educational and health services, idleness, drug abuse and easy access to weapons can all increase risks. Disorganized schools can result in poor

Microsoft and Sun Free Essays

The first problematical questions between Microsoft and Sun concerning the design and the sources of Microsoft Java implementation and Sun`s Java standards start back in 2000 or even earlier. When Sun’s more powerful and flexible standard of Java 2 arrived, due to different reasons (partially because of the legal troubles over Java)Microsoft was stuck in older JDK 1.1 mode. We will write a custom essay sample on Microsoft and Sun or any similar topic only for you Order Now So it comes to the point, where you have to do something, or pass off. So Microsoft improved their JVM in the new version of Windows. And then Sun Microsystems, Inc. announced it has started an antitrust lawsuit against Microsoft Corporation. In its complaint (Press Releases, 2002), Sun alleges that Microsoft has engaged in extensive anticompetitive conduct, including the following: Fragmenting the Java platform; Flooding the market with incompatible Java Runtime Environments; Forcing other companies to distribute or use products that are incompatible with Java; Significantly limiting Sun’s distribution channels for the Java Runtime Environment; Intentionally interfering with the development of Java-based applications for compatible runtimes; Copyright infringement resulting from Microsoft’s distribution of an unlicensed implementation of the Java Runtime Environment; Intentional creation of incompatibilities between Microsoft software and competing technologies, thereby raising switching costs for consumers and reducing consumer choice. The other side of this long lasting conflict is trying to find a compromise between those standards (Microsoft’s own and Sun’s) and withstanding the lawsuits with more or less efficiency. Also Microsoft protesting against the sources of the lawsuits from Sun. Jim Allchin(Jim Allchin, 2002) from Microsoft wrote: This issue was addressed in detail during the liability phase of the trial. The Court of Appeals determined that it was not illegal for Microsoft to develop and distribute our JVM just because it was incompatible with Suns specification. Also on one of the Microsoft’s press conferences Steve Ballmer (2004) said about interchanges between their companies: So I’d say that’s the elements and then if you take a look at the payment, some of the money is to resolve our antitrust lawsuit. Some of the payment takes a look back and says let’s make sure we are clean with respect to one another on patents. Some of it is forward-looking in terms of how we work together from a patent perspective. And then some of it is forward-looking, us to Sun and Sun to us, in terms of the licensing of key intellectual property that relates to making these things plug together and interoperate well over the network. Press Conference Transcript: Steve Ballmer (Microsoft), Scott McNealy (Sun), retrieved February 18, 2007, from http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/legal/04-02-04SunPressConference.mspx Sun Press Releases, Sun files suit against Microsoft for antitrust violations, retrieved February 14, 2007, from http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/2002-03/sunflash.20020308.1.xml Written Direct Testimony of Jim Allchin, retrieved February 18, 2007, from How to cite Microsoft and Sun, Essay examples

Cruel and Unusual Punishment free essay sample

Cruel and unusual punishment is the term used to describe criminal punishment which is considered unacceptable due to the suffering or humiliation it causes on the person. Cruel and unusual punishment has a very long history and is now noted in the constitution. There are several cases that deal with the consequences of cruel and unusual punishment and the constitution also protects people from this being used on them. The government has also put restrictions on the punishment judges can give to people for committing crimes due to the history of cruel and unusual punishment. 2) Cruel and unusual punishment had been used since the beginning of time. A lot of the punishments included devices such as the breaking wheel or the rack. Punishments also included things such as boiling to death, flaying, crushing, stoning, beheading, necklacing, and execution of fire. These are just to name a few. The breaking wheel was a device used during the Middle Ages cudgeling or beating a person to death. The limbs of the accused would be tied to a giant wooden wheel that would then revolve and the accused would be hit mostly with an iron hammer. Once the accused’s bones were broken they would be left there toFigure [ 1 ] the Breaking wheel (4) die. The Rack was also a device used in the middle ages, but this machine dislocated every limb in a person’s body. The limbs were tied to a rope and then the torture would crack a handle to slowly pull the bones out of socket. Often the torture would go too far and actually pull the limbs off of the body. Flaying was a procedure that pretty much skinned the person alive. Crushing was a process used to get a plea or confession out of a person by placing heavier and heavier rocks on the person’s chest. This person would either confess or the weight of the rock would get so heavy on their chest they could no longer breathe and they would suffocate. Necklacing is a punishment that is no longer used in the United States but it still being used my other countries, mostly Africa, up until the late 1990’s. They force a rubber tire around the chest and arms of the convicted fill it with gasoline and light it on fire. It usually takes the victim about twenty minutes to die from the burns. (4) In more recent years cruel and unusual punishment would be more along the ines of a judging sentencing a defendant to life in prison for theft. The government has said that the punishment must fit the crime to stop the use of cruel and unusual punishment. If someone feels that crime they have been given is not fair for the crime they committed they may make a case with the United States Supreme court to see if their sentence maybe overturned. Before 1791 this was not something that was allowed. You were to receive that sentence you had been given and there was nothing you could do about it. The eighth amendment of the United States Constitution states â€Å"Excessive bail shall not be required, not excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment be imposed†. (2) This amendment was added to the constitution in 1791. This amendment was first used in the state of Virginia by George Mason and Patrick Henry. Those men decided that it should also become part of the United States Constitution so that congress did not use cruel and unusual punishment. James Madison then proposed the amendment in 1789. There have been many cases in the United States in recent years that have been thought to be using cruel and unusual punishment. Some of the cases in The United States have involved a life sentence for shoplifting in California to the possibility of a life sentence for a 12 year old boy in the state of Pennsylvania. Here are few more cases that have gotten a lot of media attention for the cruelty of their punishments. At the age of 13 Joe Sullivan was convicted of raping a 72 year old woman. Sullivan did admit to burglarizing her mom with two other boys but says he did not go back to commit the rape. When the plaintiff took the stand she stated that she could not identify the boy other then he was â€Å"a colored boy† who â€Å"had kinky hair and he was quite black and he was small. †(3) She had also stated the boy said to her â€Å"If you can’t identify me, then I won’t have to kill you†. (3) Sullivan was asked to repeat this statement several times in court and the plaintiff said that she was not sure if that was the voice but it did sound familiar. Sullivan was found guilty and sentenced in life in prison without the possibility of parole. Joe Sullivan is currently 33 years old and his lawyers are asking the â€Å"United States Supreme Court to consider the question of whether the Eighth Amendment’s ban on cruel and unusual punishment extends to sentencing someone who was barely a teenager to die in prison for a crime that did not involve a killing. †(3) In 2007 21 year old Genarlow Wilson was released from prison after the Georgia Supreme Court ruled his sentence to be cruel and unusual punishment. Wilson was convicted at the age of 17 for performing sex acts on a 15 year old consenting girl. Wilson was sentenced to 10 years in prison without the possibility of parole. â€Å"Partly as a result of Wilsons conviction, state legislators changed the law to make such consensual conduct between minors a misdemeanor, rather than a felony. †(6) Due to the changed in the laws Wilson’s crime was only punishable by one year in a prison and no registration as a sex offender. â€Å"The majority countered that it was not applying the 2006 amendment retroactively, but instead factoring that [into its determination that Wilsons punishment is cruel and unusual,] the court said in a news release. The state of Ohio has been accused of cruel and unusual punishment while trying to execute men on death row. One of the most recent stories was in 2007. Romell Broom’s execution was stopped by officials because they were unable to find any useable veins for the execution procedure. At that time steps were being taken to stop Broom’s execution altogether because it would violate his 8th amendment rights. This was not the first time Ohio has been accused of this, in 2006 they had trouble executing Joseph Clark and then in 2007 they had trouble executing Christopher Newton. The Ohio chapter of the Americans Civil Liberties wanted the state to stop all executions because they felt it was cruel and unusual punishment. However Governor Strickland said that â€Å"he will review the circumstances around Brooms failed execution but that he does not think a wholesale review of the death penalty in Ohio is in order. † In 2005 the United States Supreme court ruled that it is cruel and unusual punishment to sentence a juvenile to death. This was brought about because of a case out of Missouri State. This case involved a 17 year old who had been sentenced to the death penalty. In 1993 Simmons planned to murder Shirley Crook. Simmons and two of his friends met in the middle of the night but one of them dropped out of the plan. Simmons and Benjamin broke into Mrs. Crooks home, tied her hands and covered her eyes. They drove her to a state park and threw her off a bridge. When the case went to trial Simmons had admitted to the murder and was found guilty by the jury and was sentenced to the death penalty. Simmons appealed his sentence several times stating that they should have taken his age into consideration. He was not able to get an appeal until 2002 when the state of Virginia had ruled it unconstitutional to give the mentally challenged the death penalty. Simmons filed a new petition and the Supreme Court of Missouri concluded that a national consensus has developed against the execution of the mentally retarded† (5) and held that such punishment now violates the Eighth Amendments prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment. Simmons then received life in prison without the possibility of parole. (5) In February of 2008 a Nevada woman, Michelle Taylor, was charged with forcing a 13 yr old by to touch her breasts. April 14th of 2010 Taylor was sentenced to life in prison with the chance of parole after ten years. The judge stated that this was the mandatory sentence for this particular statute and he didn’t know why the prosecution had decided to use this statute. Taylor’s public defender stated that â€Å"She is getting a greater penalty for having a boy touch her breast than if she killed him,†(1) The jury was not allowed to know the sentencing while they were deciding her fate and she was not offered a plea bargain by the prosecution. Taylor’s public defender believes this to be unconstitutional and does not fit the crime. In the state of Georgia the sentence for a sex offender that failed to register for a second time is a mandatory life sentence. Cedric Bradshaw received this sentence after having trouble finding a place to live and therefore could not register on time. â€Å"In a 6-1 decision, the court said the life sentence imposed upon 26-year-old Cedric Bradshaw of Statesboro violates the Eighth Amendment’s guarantee against cruel and unusual punishment. â€Å"We conclude the imposition of a sentence of life imprisonment is so harsh in comparison to the crime for which it was imposed that it is unconstitutional. The court ordered Bradshaw to be re-sentenced. His lawyer, Robert Persse, was happy with the ruling. â€Å"The state’s penalty provision was excessive and clearly disproportionate to the offense in question†. (1) The court pointed out that someone convicted of voluntary manslaughter or aggravated assault with the intent to murder, rob or rape can receive a sentence as little as one year. The 8th amendment of the constitution protects Americans for being subject to punishments that do not fit the crime they have admitted. The amendment first protects you from â€Å"excessive bail†(2). In England parliament decided to make bailable and non-bailable crime but it seemed that the king would still make it so they did not have to set a bail. Eventually in 1679 the Habeas Corpus Act was passed which forced the judges to set bail, but they would make it an unheard of amount. When the English Bill of Rights was written in 1689 it held that excessive bail ought not to be required. (2) However, the Bill did not decide what crimes were bailable and non-bailable offenses. This met that the Eighth Amendment could be interpreted to mean that â€Å"bail may be denied if the charges are sufficiently serious. †(2) In 1987 the Supreme Court decided that the governments proposed conditions of release or detention not be excessive in light of the perceived evil. (2) This amendment also protects us from having to pay excessive fines for the crimes that are committed. For example the Supreme Court found it to excessive for a person to have to pay a fine of $357,144. 00 for not reporting that he took $10,000. 00 out of the United States. Last but not least the 8th amendment protects us from having to endure cruel and unusual punishment. This simply means that the punishment must fit the crime that was committed and if it does not it can be overturned and be considered cruel and unusual. (2) Cruel and unusual punishment is something that will occur for years to come. People like to abuse their powers and sentence according to what they feel is right. The 8th amendment has made it possible for sentencing’s to be overturned and changed if the Supreme Court feels the convicted person had been sentenced to harshly.

Fossil fuel, nuclear energy, and alternative power sources

Why recruiters are not paying attention to what youre saying in interviews

Why recruiters are not paying attention to what youre saying in interviews I have a confession to make. Years ago, 34 to be exact, at the start of my professional career I was an employment representative for a local university. Today, the position title would more likely be Recruiter or Talent Acquisition Specialist. The job title may have evolved, and the technology employed is now far more advanced. But the fundamental responsibilities of the position remain unchanged even today. Find candidates. Screen candidates. Interview candidates. When I say interview candidates, I mean a lot of interviews. Six to 8 interviews a day. Five days a week. Two years. That is more than 3,000 interviews if my math is correct. Now the confession. Not every single one of those interviews was gripping, edge of your seat theatre! Some of the interviews were mind numbing boring. At least once a day, in an interview, I would ask a question and then immediately â€Å"zone out†. By zone out, I mean my brain went to another place and time. It would return a few minutes late r when the candidate had finished the answer to the question. I, of course, had no idea what they had said or what valuable information they may have shared about themselves and their value to our organization. You can relate if you have ever been driving a car and several minutes go by when you find yourself at the next stoplight with no idea how you got there.I would like to tell you that my problem was unique, a symptom of life in the 1980’s and that the probability of â€Å"recruiter zone out† in today’s day and age is non-existent. But I would be lying. It’s just human nature. We are not built with an infinite attention span. We need mental stimulation and active participation to stay mentally engaged in any activity. Specific to job search and interviews, research from Monster.com indicates that:The average interviewer’s attention span looks something like this:As you begin speaking, the interviewer is listening with nearly full attention.Aft er about 10 seconds, he begins listening with less intensity.After 60 seconds, his mind begins to wander and he’s devoting less than half his attention to you. After you’ve been speaking for 90 seconds without interruption, the interviewer is barely listening at all.So, if maximizing engagement and attention span with your interviewer is a critical element of a successful job search, what’s the secret to being interesting in an interview? The answer is conversation. More specifically, you need to turn your interview into an actual conversation. We define a conversation as: â€Å"the informal exchange of ideas by spoken words†. That definition might run counter to your view of an interview as a series of formal questions and answers. If you don’t learn how to master the art of the conversational interview, then you run the risk that your interviews will always be a series of formal, dry, zone out inducing questions and answers.In today’s worl d of electronic communication, email and text messaging, it is possible that we are a little out of practice when it comes to informal conversation. That is not an indictment of any specific age group. We all, regardless of age, now have our heads buried in our smartphones. The good news is that conversation is like muscle memory and riding a bike. You never forget how to maintain a conversation. It’s human nature. You just need a few tips and techniques to adapt conversation to a job interview. Here are a few essential tips.Above all else, be interested in and inquisitive about your interviewer, the company and the position. Interest is best fueled through preparation. Research your interviewer on LinkedIn to identify areas of common interest and career experiences about which you would like to explore in greater detail. Research the company beyond the standard tour of the company website. Read articles from industry trade publications, postings from industry-specific groups on LinkedIn and the standard Google topic search.Take the time, before the interview begins, to build some rapport with your interviewer. Small talk and informal questions as you are getting settled will both ease your nerves and put your positive personality on display. Your pre-interview research gives you the building blocks for the small talk. For example: â€Å"I saw in your LinkedIn profile that you are fluent in three languages. That is a fascinating skill. How did you become so proficient in each language?†Be a storyteller. Every question you are asked is an opportunity to tell an engaging story that highlights your personality and value proposition. Work to formulate your answers to most of the behavioral interview questions using the standard STAR technique. What was the Situation? What was the Task that you performed? What was the Action that you completed to resolve the situation? And what was the quantifiable Result of your action?Keep the conversation going. En d every one of your answers with a related question designed to amplify your research and your value proposition. For example, after answering a question about how you facilitated a successful team project, you might ask: â€Å"I see that you use an open concept office design here. How do you use the open office space to leverage greater team collaboration?†And finally, have big ears and laser sharp eyes. By that I mean listen, really listen to what your interviewer is saying in response to your questions. And maintain eye contact. Don’t fake it. Stay engaged, have fun and view the interview as an opportunity to learn. Your best will shine through in an engaged conversation.The art of conversation just takes a little practice. And it makes life more interesting.I love to watch penguins. They all look the same, sound the same and pretty much do the same things every time I see them. I just don’t want to be one in an interview.Dan Troup is the founder of the Advan tEdge Careers coaching service. If you are interested in learning more about how a certified career coach can assist you in your job search, please contact AdvantEdge Careers at: https://www.advantedgecareers.com/

Free write 3 (E) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Free write 3 (E) - Essay Example Essay 1 makes it clear that the color contrast implies the time of the day when the farmer carried the described activity. Adding information such as the farm size can back up the thesis. The size of the farm is large, which implies the availability of land before population increase occurred in the present time. Thus, with all these detail, the constructed thesis in essay 1 is for sure strong. The draft of essay 1 entails a well representation of the key segments of the assignment, which encompasses the description, interpretation and meaning of the photo as recorded or staged. The draft meets the first section of the assignment by giving a vivid description of the photo. As described in the draft, the image is an illustration of the farming method in the erstwhile generations (Vachon 1). The second segment of the assignment seeks to unravel and interpret the underlying meaning of the photo. The contrasting white and black color tells of the period when Vachon drew the image. The photo is recorded since it captures a scene that appears

Mobile computing and wireless communication Essay

Mobile computing and wireless communication - Essay Example This exploratory approach towards making things small yet sophisticated promises much more for the future. While analyzing the evolution [2] of mobile technology, it can be safely assumed that the size and power consumption patterns are on a decline while the bandwidths available for communication will continue to increase. Such trends lead us to believe that mobile communication is bound to play an increasingly important role in everyday life through a variety of new applications often referred to as "ubiquitous or pervasive" computing. The emergence of powerful portable computing devices, along with the advances in wireless communication technologies, has made mobile computing a reality. Sensor Networks: One typical application for mobile communication is the sensor network, used for gathering information about the surroundings of the mobile equipment. Such a network consists of small integrated devices scattered over a specified area in order to collect and share information. The goal in undertaking such exercise is to discretely observe, augment, analyze or control an environment in an automated manner. Mobile networks got further enhancement with the help of wireless communication and sophisticated sensors. ... work on the basis of fixed cell based infrastructure. Coverage is provided by base stations which manage the radio resources from a central location thus integrating the services. Depending upon the area being covered by the cell, certain amount of bandwidth is allocated for mobile subscribers. These cells make use of location-based routing protocols for transfer of information packets from sources to destination. Depending upon the bandwidth allocated, an upper limit is fixed for the number of subscribers that one cell can support. Sensor networks, in particular require to support a large number of 'subscribers', resulting in an increase in density per cell. Such networks are often used for short-range temporary communication. Therefore, implementing an infrastructure supporting such a large sensor network becomes very expensive. Mobile ad hoc networks [3, 4] on the other hand allow direct communication between wireless devices operating within the nearby areas and short distances of each other. Such devices prove to be very useful in disaster prone areas. In case of disaster, whole communication infrastructure may be destroyed. In such cases the intercommunicating ability of mobile ad-hoc networks within short range proves to be very useful. For communicating between two mobile devices which are located beyond range are the method of forward messaging messages via intermediate neighbors is used. Decentralization of an ad hoc communication network also eliminates the need for a fixed infrastructure, and results in greater cost reductions. The most widespread notion of a mobile ad hoc network is a network formed without any central administration which consists of mobile nodes that use a wireless interface to send data

NURSING (MANAGING A VENOUS LEG ULCER) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

NURSING (MANAGING A VENOUS LEG ULCER) - Essay Example Between 2004 and 2010, the management of venous leg ulcerations cost the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) an estimated  £400 million per year, most of which was spent on community nursing services (Milic, Bogdanovic & Jovanovic 2010, p. 797). Basing on the budget, the disease calls for evidence-based practice (EBP) in its management and this paper will discuss the effectiveness of compression systems for preventing its recurrence and treatment using three sources of evidence. This article was chosen because the Cochrane Collaboration is a reputable body in the field of organization of systematic medical researches that facilitate proven and evidence-based medical and nursing practice. The cost effectiveness of stockings and bandaging in compression treatment of venous leg ulcers has been covered by a Cochrane review basing on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with definitive results. Medical literature in the regularly updated Cochrane database opines that most cases of venous leg ulcers are brought about by the improper functioning of the venous valves, although other known contributing factors include obesity, diabetes, immobility, arterial disease and trauma. There is also evidence that persons wearing high-compression hosiery are less likely to have ulcer recurrences than those wearing moderate-compression ones. Venous ulcers can be prevented by using compression stockings on long-term alongside regular exercising, elevating legs when possible and losing weight (Gohel, Barwell & Taylor 2007, p. 83). Venous leg ulcers usually recur after healing and this can be prevented by regularly wearing compression stockings for at least five years after healing. Following the systematic reviews and meta-analyses conducted on 22 trials identified in the Cochrane review, it was consistently shown that the healing of venous leg ulcers is encouraged by compression. It was

Overcome Barriers That Prevent Parents Involvement In Childrens Education

Overcome Barriers That Prevent Parents Involvement In Childrens Education Parental Involvement is critically important in a childs education. Research has shown that parents positive involvement with their childrens schooling is associated with many encouraging outcomes. There are many parents who want to be involved in their childs day to day activities, but many circumstances enable this opportunity. Despite their best intentions to support their children, there are many barriers that prohibit the support. John Wherry (2009) discusses ways to overcome barriers that effectively prevent so many parents from getting involved. In addition, Gregory Flynn (2007) explains in order for schools to increase parental involvement, they need to promote critical behaviors and provide teacher training. Whereas, Cecily Mitchell (2008) believes by figuring out what parent involvement actually entails and how to effectively achieve it, remain challenges for schools and districts across the nation even as they work to build strong partnerships between schools and families. This paper identifies barriers that are prohibiting parents from becoming more involved in their childs education and strategies to overcome these barriers that are preventing parental involvement. Literature Review There is an abundance of literature which introduces many to the importance of parent involvement and a vast variety of reasons are present to support the view of how parents and teachers can make the involvement work. Parental involvement involves a partnership between the teachers and parents. This partnership bridges a gap between parents and teachers to enhance a childs education. In this partnership between parents and teachers, they encounter barriers that prevent the partnership from working together; which lead them to find strategies that will help them overcome the barriers. Parental involvement is an issue that has been around for centuries and is one of the key components of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act (Mitchell, 2008). This literature review explains that parental involvement plays an important part in a childs education and in order for parental involvement to be a success; teachers and parents have to overcome barriers that prevent this partnership from being s uccessful. Wherry (2009) provided a candid description on ways schools can prevent barriers of parental involvement. He developed strategies that will make the up and coming school year be the best ever for parental involvement for some teachers and parents. He goes on to state, there is a way for parent support to boost student learning available to any school, that makes the modest effort to overcome barriers that distinctively prevent parents from being involved in their childs education. Parental involvement has generally been defined as diverse activities in the home or at the school that permit parents to share in the education process (Wright). It is reasonable to assume with such attention given to the importance of parental involvement both in the literature and by the government, that there has been a significant increase in parent participation in our schools (Flynn, 2007); however, according to the National PTA, there are 50 million children enrolled in schools and one i n four parents is actively involved in their childs education (Griffiths-Prince, 2008). Parental involvement is when parents and teachers participate in a regular, two-way conversation involving student educational learning. This includes parents being involved in their childrens education in various ways, both at home and at school. When parents feel good about their school involvement and the schools instructional efforts, they tend to hold high expectations for their childrens interests, aspirations, and learningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Risko, Dalhouse, 2009); consequently, parents who are in touch with the childrens education can better observe classroom activities and improve their communication with the teacher. Many parents seek out the opportunity to share in their childrens experiences, as well as communicate with their children. Although parent involvement is revealed to have a big impact on the student achievement and success, it could be led to be seen as a vital ingredient to education form, for example, findings from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 suggest that parental involvement does not independently improve childrens learning, but some involvement activities do prevent behavioral problems (Domina, 2005). Because of unfortunate circumstances, there are some parents who are not able to be involved with their child education. While parental involvement is important to public education, there are barriers that prevent parents from being involved with their childs education. Identifying Barriers of Parental Involvement Education is the key to many children having a good future. In order for a child to reach this milestone in their lives, they need not only their parents, but also the teachers. Even though parents know their children better than anyone else and can be virtually important school partners if allowed to be (Wherry, 2009); however, there are some parents who tend to be less involved in their childs education (LaBahn, 1995). Could this be on purpose or do they have legitimate reasons? When educators learn what barriers exist in their schools, it could be an important step to increasing parent involvement (PSEA, 2007) because; schools play a strong role in determining the level and nature of parent involvement (B W, 2008). Parents may be doing the best they can (LaBahn, 1995) and it is still not enough, because parental involvement is a challenge to some parents. Many of them have to deal with various barriers, such as lack of communication, lack of time, and language differences. Lack of Communication Lack of communication is one barrier that prevents parental involvement. Differences in expectations and misunderstandings about each other goals can lead to uncertain and tenuous, and contentious relationships (Risko Walker-Dalhouse, 2009). Parents who receive negative communication or no communication from schools tend to have trust issues. The trust issue leads parents to believe the school has an unfriendly climate. Also, if a parent had a bad experience as a young child with teachers, that experience could leave a parent fearful of speaking to their own children teachers. These negative perceptions of schools held by many parents should be replaced with some positive perceptions of the school. Many parents are not aware that help is needed because the school has not advertised the opportunities. Although some schools send out information pertaining to parental involvement with different types of activities, this does not happen at every school. Many parents would feel eager to come to the school to volunteer their services, if they were invited into the schools. Parents are most likely to agree to partake in a classroom activity if they are asked directly by the teacher to do a specific task. Schools should work to build and maintain a welcoming and responsive school atmosphere (Wherry, 2009). Lack of Time Lack of time is also a barrier that prevents parental involvement. Parents often cite time as the single greatest barrier to volunteering, attending meetings, and joining decision making committees at their childrens school (PTA, 2009). Parents, who work in low-paying jobs that do not offer time off for illness or family emergencies, do not have a lot of time for parental involvement and they cannot risk their jobs to take time out to visit their childs school. There just simply are not enough hours in the day to accomplish everything (LaBahn, 1995).In todays society there are more single family households that require the parent to work long hours. With the increase in single-parent households and the dramatic change in the work force, with mothers of school-aged children entering in great numbers, time has become a valuable commodity for parents who struggle to make ends meet (Patrikakou, 2008). For example, many mothers do not have equipment or the skill to plan science fair experiments or construct woodworking projects, and fathers may not be able to help design and sew costumes for the school play (LaBahn, 1995). Parents also feel that when the children are not in school, time should be spent with the family and not attending meetings at the school. Some parents feel that too much involvement in their childs education could have a harmful effect, either by making their child uncomfortable or making the child dependent upon them. Teachers and parents know that time is often one of the greatest challenges and that is why it should be spent on building up the child education. Principals of K-8 Title I schools report that time is a barrier to parent involvement more often than any other factor. 87% of Title I principals report that lack of time on the part of parents is a significant barrier to parent involvement, and 56% report that lack of time on the part of school staff is a barrier (find reference). Since many parents think there is not enough time for work, cleaning, cooking, and parent meetings, they do not bother attending school meetings. Language Differences Another barrier that prevents parental involvement is language differences. Approximately 20% of U.S. students are learning English as a second or other language, of these students over 40% are immigrants (Wright). Non-English speaking parents may find that it is difficult communicating with their childs teachers. Nancy Hyslop (2000) stated many Non-English parents experience low self-esteem, culture shock, and misconceptions. Many of these parents are confused about their roles in education and how to help their children. They lack knowledge on how local systems operate and very often they do not know where to go for information pertaining to their childs education. In recent years with the increasing cultural and linguistic diversity of families, the home and school environments may hold different and sometimes diverging beliefs about the appropriate degree and nature of parent involvement (Patrikakaou, 2008). Hispanics sometimes encounter discrimination by the larger society which discourages them from getting involved in events at their childs school. Parents who do not speak English may not understand newsletters, fliers, or speakers at meetings (PTA, 2009). Even if one has not experienced discrimination, there is a fear that discrimination could happen. Non-English speaking parents want the same end result as many English speaking parents, which is for their child to receive an education that will allow them have a better future. Even when language differences occur, a teachers willingness or attempt to speak the home language can convey care about the students and parents, and this willingness can encourage parents to feel comfortable enough to speak in English and can enhance possibilities for communication and rapport. (Risko Walker-Dalhouse, 2009). In order for the schools to reach beyond these barriers, there needs to be parental involvement implemented into the education program . Strategies to Overcome Barriers If barriers are preventing parents and teachers from sharing ideas or exchanging information pertaining to the child, then everyone involved needs to find strategies to overcome these barriers. They can reach the partnership needed if they figure out strategies to deal with barriers such as, lack of communication, lack of time, and language differences. Mitchell (2008) examines parent involvement in public education. She explains in her article that parent involvement has to happen on all levels. Even though the parents and teachers tend to have barriers that prevent parent involvement, Mitchell state everyone involved in the childs education, including teachers, parents, principals, communities and even the school district have to find strategies to overcome these barriers. There are many ways that a school can improve communication (LaBahn, 2007) such as, informing families about routines and providing them with specific ways they can help at home provides parents with structured opportunities to participate in their childs education (Patrikakou, 2008). The most important thing a parent can do for their child education is stay in contact with the teacher. The teacher can keep parents regularly informed about student progress, school requirements, and school events (Wherry, 2009). The teacher is the bridge between the parent and the child education; therefore, parents look to the school for answers about learning issues (Wherry, 2009). That bridge will help parents stay connected with the childs teacher, enable them access to monitor classroom activities, and correspond with the efforts of the teachers. A study conducted by Berthelsen Walker (2008) explained that five items were used to assess parents contact with their childs school program. A number of activities in which parents may have participated at their childs school were identified to which parents could give a yes/no response: During this school term, have you à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦-contacted childs teacher; visited childs class; talked to parents of other children at the school; attended a school event in which your child participated; and volunteered in the classroom or helped with a class excursion. Engagement in three or more activities was indicated by 76% of parents. Parents were most likely to have talked with other parents at the school (92%) or visited the childs classroom (87%), and least likely to have volunteered in the classroom or helped with a class excursion (48%). A parent-teacher conference is one way for parents to keep in contact with the teachers. The parent is able to sit and have a two-way conversation with the teacher and tell the teacher what they expect from the child and the teacher. The teacher can also speak to the parent and find out what are their expectations of them as educators. When parents and teachers learn how to communicate with each other, they can become stronger and knowledgeable by working together. Unfortunately many parents are not able to attend parent-teacher conference, because they do not have the time: however, many schools are working around parents schedule for that one on one. Teachers are encouraging parents to drop by the schools when classes are dismissed or call their homes after work hours. Schools can set aside time during the school day for teachers to meet with parents at school or at home or free teachers from routine chores, such as lunchroom supervision, so that they can work with parents (Moles). Students need more than their parents, they also need the people who want to see all children make it in this world. Parents who are have language barriers need strategies to help them feel better about being a part of their childs education. By creating culturally aware school-family partnerships, school systems can reduce cultural, discontinues, create diverse learning opportunities, improve racial perceptions and attitudes, and foster interethnic friendships (Patrikakou, 2008). For example, when parents enroll their children in the Early Head Start program, the program managers makes sure a translator is there to help ease the Hispanic family discomfort and make their first experience with the program a rewarding experience. There are comprehensive program that can provide a model for empowering immigrant parents and changing teacher perceptions of immigrant parents school interest and involvement. The program titled the Immigrant Parent Partnership Program supported parent engagement through leadership classes, multiple-language programs, teacher action research to increase teacher understandin g of immigrant parents, and the creation of a parent resource center (Risko Walker-Dalhouse, 2009). The often heard statement, It takes a village to raise a child, is very true. Parental involvement plays a key role in the Early Head Start work setting. Our program is based solely on parent involvement. We have to find ways to encourage parents to become better involved in their childs education. Something as simple as coming in and helping the child take their shoes off and placing them in the correct cubby, helps the teachers in achieving some of the goals for the students. We also include parents in the decision making at the center. Parents are asked to complete an application to be a member of the policy council; in which, the parents names are placed on a ballot to be voted on. The policy council consists of community leaders and parents. The community leaders assist the parents in making vital decisions regarding the children at the centers. Politically we are a non-profit program financed by the government with certain stipulation. We are expected to work with the community by building up the parents with children who attend the centers. In order for the program to qualify for federal and state grants, we have to incorporate In-kind that involves the parents and community members. Arkansas Better Chance and Arkansas Better Chance for school success require the program to receive a 40% in-kind match of the grant amount. We achieve this goal by encouraging parents and community workers donating goods, providing services, and performing jobs at the centers. Parent involvement also plays a key role in the education process. It has been shown that children whose parents are involved in early childhood programs, such as, Head Start, have higher cognitive and language skills than do children whose families are not involved or part of such programs (Patrikakou, 2008). Children at a young age, needs that extra help and encouragement. We are expected to allow the children to play and socialize with each other, but they still need to learn what is expected of them when they enter into the public school system. We encourage our parents by providing them people to speak to with concerns regarding their children developmental skills. We share educational information to the parents that will provide their children learning environments which will help them grow into well adjusted students. As an Early Head Start teacher, the job involves working closely with the parents concerning their childrens education and needs. When a parent comes into the ce nter and volunteers to wash clothes, dishes, or help feed the children, this take a big load off the teachers. We encourage parents to come in and rock, not only their children, but the other children in the center. When we work with the parents, we develop a bond that helps make all transitions easier. Working with the parents allow us to learn more about the children and about the parent, in return, they learn who we are as people and not teachers. Parental involvement is a necessity in the school systems. When parents are involved, children are more acceptable to learn and behave, because they learn, their parents are only a phone call away. Conclusion After viewing the literature on parent involvement, brings the research to the conclusion that parental involvement matters in the school systems. Bringing teachers and parents together as one, sometimes means going around, over, and under barriers for solutions to a parent involvement program that works for everyone. To get to this point in a childs life, many parents and teachers have to discover strategies that will work for them. Although factors such as lack of communication, lack of time, and language barriers can prevent parent involvement, there are many ways to triumph over the barriers. Encouraging and involving parents in decisions pertaining to their child can make a big difference. Children will have better attendance, higher grades, test scores and graduation rates. Parents will have a better understanding of how the school operates. Teachers can increase community support with parents and students. Parents are the key to their children future. When parents and teachers come together as one, a child is able to leap over bounds and conquer the world. Barriers are just stepping stones to great outcomes.

Jonsons Volpone :: Jonson Volpone

Homosexual Overtones in Volpone During the Renaissance, women did not participate in the theatre; hence, men, dressed in drag, played women's roles. This particular characteristic of Renaissance drama adds many dimensions, erotic and social, to the spectacle on the stage. However, "The primary difficulty in surveying this landscape results from the strong indications that early modern eroticism was fundamentally different from that today. Consequently, the challenge deciphering what may be radically different cultural codes for the Rena issance is formidable" (Zimmerman 7). The interactions between cross-dressed boy actors and the adult male actors, by today's standards, would be considered homo-erotic. In Ben Johnson's Volpone, the role of Celia, the main female character, would have be en played by a cross-dressed boy; hence, many inferences about Renaissance eroticism may be made by exploring the element of cross-dressing and how it transforms the action on stage and the audience's perception. Celia (played by a cross-dressed boy) interacts with men throughout the play. The scene in which Volpone attempts to rape Celia could be construed as extremely homo-erotic. Volpone desires Celia, yet she refuses to succumb to his advances; thus he trie s to force himself upon her. Bonario is Celia's true love interest, which also has homosexual overtones. The sexual and intimate interactions between Celia and the male characters creates an interesting dynamic. For instance, "When an actor in a male role did not need to impersonate adult-ness, his interaction with a cross-dressed actor, particularly a cross-dressed boy, change. Presumably, the adult actor, by virtue of age, voice, physical appearance and interpretive range, lent credence to the (usually) heterosexual valences of cross-dressing within that fiction. The dual lens on the dramatic action that the adult male actor provided was in all likelihood angled most directly at adult male spectators" (Zimmerman 46). The actors are i nteracting like hete rosexuals of the opposite sex, however, the fact that it is really two males blurs the lines of what the audience was actually seeing and enjoying. Celia was obviously made to be attractive to the male spectators, because she is the main female love interest in the play. The male spectators may be attracted to what aesthetically appears to be a woman, or they may be attracted to an androgynous, cr oss-dressed boy. Hence, Celia's appeal is twofold.

Locke and Hobbes on Revolution

Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) and John Locke (1632-1706) belonged to the same generation of philosophers.   However, both philosophers viewed English Revolution differently.   Hobbes had experienced the English Revolution as a time of brutality.   Thence, the philosopher compared the revolution to what he referred to as the â€Å"state of nature† (or, a state of primitiveness). This state was ruthless and uncouth.   Hobbes believed that revolutions were similarly a negative state, and in order to guard itself against the malice of revolutions, society needed a strong king and strict governance, somewhat akin to the Panopticon state of Michel Foucault.   Locke, on the other hand, lauded the concept of revolution as a necessity during times of governmental disturbance.   In other words, the philosopher with a good view of revolution believed in dismantling the government if it does not work (â€Å"Locke and Hobbes†). Sharp (2006) explains the difference between Locke’s and Hobbes’ viewpoints on revolution thus: At least part of the difference between Hobbes and Locke can be attributed to their  historical circumstances.   Hobbes witnessed the English Civil War, which destroyed every  opportunity for happiness for many people.   His all-powerful state must have seemed like the  lesser of two evils, since it would at least be stable and life would not devolve into anarchy.  Ã‚   Locke, however, witnessed the Glorious Revolution, where the government was completely  changed without bloodshed. For him, revolution must not have seemed like such a terrible  thing.   Most likely, both views are too extreme.   Revolution is usually a costly endeavor, since  those in power rarely relinquish it willingly.   However, the possibility or revolution is a key   part of maintaining rights, since an all-powerful government could suppress our rights without  fear of repercussion. Hobbes, being senior to Locke in age and experience, had apparently seen a bloody war that Locke had not been a witness of.   Thus, the views of the philosophers differed with respect to the English Revolution.   Had Locke also lived through the English Civil War, he might have been bitter about the idea of revolution as well.   Nevertheless, it is important to note that both philosophers believed in human rights.   Locke was not a violent agitator.   Furthermore, it is clear that his philosophy on revolution was written with ultimate peace in mind. Locke wrote about â€Å"abuse of power by the government† as a reason for a revolution.   In order to serve justice, he considered it ethical for citizens to fight for their rights, even if they must fight the government for the same reason.   In Locke’s view, â€Å"rebellion† was a necessity at times of governmental corruption and dissidence.   Besides, in the perspective of the philosopher, the people could be trusted to make decisions as regards civil rights.   The important matter to consider remained, however, that people could achieve â€Å"restoration of their rights† via a revolution (Kemerling, 2000). Locke’s philosophy on revolution makes the kinds of allowances for the common people that Hobbes’ philosophy does not allow for.   In the latter’s view, revolutions are bad because they lead to bloodshed.   So therefore, governments should be strong enough to rule the people without letting them express their agitation in any form whatsoever. Locke’s philosophy can debate with Hobbes’ view quite simply by claiming that the victims of bloodshed are usually the common people; and if they are the ones taking responsibility for a revolution, they are the ones also responsible for guarding their safety at all costs during a revolution.   Governments that try to quell public rebellion through military violence are bad in any case.   Hence, the public is right in demolishing such governments.   At the same time, the public must protect itself from the agitation of the government during a revolution. Thus Locke’s philosophy of revolution allows for public liberty unlike Hobbes’ philosophy, which is similar to the Panopticon.   Michel Foucault’s (1995) Panopticism begins with a detailed description of the measures to be taken against a seventeenth century plague. The government was meant to exercise absolute control over all citizens during such time, as spaces were to be partitioned and houses were to be closed off.   Stray animals were to be killed, and human beings were to be advised that they could only leave town if they wanted to be killed too.   Moreover, guards were to be put on duty to keep a constant eye on the people.   Every guard was to be informed that â€Å"if he leaves the street, he will be condemned to death.† The government aimed to create a pure and disciplined community through these orders.   What is more, as Foucault points out, it was a â€Å"political dream† to create such an obedient community, even for a brief period of time.   Such an obedient community happens to be a model for other communities and other times.   This plagued community was further marked by: †¦strict divisions; not laws transgressed, but the penetration of regulation into even the  smallest details of everyday life through the mediation of the complete hierarchy that assured  the capillary functioning of power; not masks that were put on and taken off, but the  assignment to each individual of his ‘true' name, his ‘true' place, his ‘true' body, his ‘true'  disease.   The plague as a form, at once real and imaginary, of disorder had as its medical and  political correlative discipline.   Behind the disciplinary mechanisms can be read the haunting  memory of ‘contagions', of the plague, of rebellions, crimes, vagabondage, desertions, people  who appear and disappear, live and die in disorder. The Panopticon state is the literal embodiment of Hobbes’ philosophy of government.   Totally unlike Locke’s state of freedom, which is equal to democracy in present times, Hobbes’ is a restrictive state with police control at best.   From these two differing philosophies of government arise two dissimilar, defining concepts of revolution.   People through history have found it difficult to believe in both at the same time.   To answer their concerns, both Hobbes and Locke advise their readers and thinkers to use their reason in changing or adopting a form of government (Sharp). References Focault, Michel. (1995). Panopticism. Retrieved 20 May 2007, from c. Kemerling, Garth. (2000). Locke: Social Order. Philosophy Pages. Retrieved 20 May 2007, from http://www.philosophypages.com/hy/4n.htm. Locke and Hobbes, Two Contrasting Views of the English Revolution. Retrieved 20 May 2007, from http://www.iun.edu/~hisdcl/h114_2002/Locke%20and%20Hobbes.htm. Sharp, Robert. (2006, September 5). Hobbes Vs. Locks: A Question of Rights. Retrieved 20 May 2007, from http://philosophy.suite101.com/article.cfm/hobbes_vs__locke.      

The Pygmy Chain Sword Plants Essay Example

The Pygmy Chain Sword Plants Essay Example The Pygmy Chain Sword Plants Paper The Pygmy Chain Sword Plants Paper Understanding the process of photosynthesis is also vital in other areas, such as medicine, agriculture, energy production, and even electronics. In medicine, since light has extremely high energy content, sometimes it can cause damage to living organisms such as skin cancer and skin aging. To combat the high-energy content, plants developed photoprotective mechanisms to limit the amount of harm, which is caused from exposure to the light. By learning about the causes of tissue damage cause by light exposure and the way photoprotective mechanisms operate, we can develop our understanding of this process and use it to benefit the human race. An example of how photosynthesis has been applied in the medical field is in the treatment of tumors, where substances related to chlorophyll are injected into cancerous tumor tissue and exposed to light. The illumination of these tumors causes photochemical damage to take place, which can kill the tumor and leave surrounding tissue unharmed, as the protective agents converted the excess absorbed light into heat due to the basic principles of photosynthesis. Overall, photosynthesis is relatively inefficient, as only one to two percent of solar energy is used to form photosynthetic products. From that one to two percent, many plants undergo a process called photorespiration that causes them to waste much of the photosynthetic energy absorbed. By studying photosynthesis in detail and understanding processes like photorespiration, we can learn to control these processes so we can increase the productivity and efficiency of plants. Research along these lines is critical, as recent studies show that agricultural production is leveling off at a time when demand for food and other agricultural products is increasing rapidly. (Gust) Research into photosynthesis could lead to the production of more efficient crop strains or the development of more efficient, selective, and environmentally friendly herbicides that take effect by preventing steps of photosynthesis from occurring. Developing our understanding of photosynthesis can help to deal with issues of global importance, the decreasing amounts of fossil fuels and coal, which are vital to our daily life, especially in developing countries such as China where most of the power plants rely on coal. By learning how to control and increase the efficiency of photosynthesis, we can increase the production of fuels derived from agriculture such as ethanol. A new experimental process carried out by scientists today involve making ethanol from trees, grasses, and crop wastes by breaking down the cellulose in woody fibers to form cellulosic ethanol. This is much more efficient as trees and grasses do not need to be replanted every year like grains. (Ethanol made from, 2006) By increasing our understanding of photosynthesis, we can cut down on our dependence on fossil fuels, and on the production of greenhouse gases, by increasing the production of ethanol as an alternate source of fuel. Photosynthesis can even help in the development of technology, as engineers strive to make transistors and circuit components smaller in order to make computers faster and more compact, similar to how thylakoid membranes are packed inside chlorophyll molecules. Learning how plants control the movement of light energy to the different reaction centers and convert the light energy into chemical energy, can allow for the development of molecular-scale computers The reason why I chose this research question is that apart from my own personal interest in plants and my concern over the rising levels of pollution on earth, by understanding photosynthesis, the basis of life on earth, we can make medical and technological discoveries to improve our standards of living. Yet at the same time we can learn to control photosynthesis in order to increase the production of food and ethanol, and limit the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.

Guide to Using SAT Practice Tests 20 Hour Prep

Guide to Using SAT Practice Tests 20 Hour Prep SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips It's important to learn how to use official SAT practice tests as study resources because they will give you the most accurate reading of what to expect on the real SAT. If you only have twenty hours to prepare, this guide will teach you how to use practice tests to your best advantage within that limited time. I'll walk you through why SAT practice tests are important and how you can use a step by step twenty hour plan to get the most out of them. Why Are SAT Practice Tests a Good Tool for Short-Term Prep? Practice tests can be very helpful if you only have a short time to prepare for the SAT.You’ll experience larger point gains through enhancing yourunderstanding of the overall format of the test than you would through focusing solely on specific content issues.Practice tests will introduce you to the time constraints and question types you’ll see on the real test, so you’ll be prepared to deal with the time pressure and confusing wording that tends to stump students who have less experience with the SAT. The benefits of practice tests increase even further if you can evaluate your mistakes accurately and take steps to fix them.Although you don’t have much time, higher level weaknesses in test-taking strategy can be fixed relatively quickly.Practice tests give you the power to recognize these weaknesses and take simple steps to eliminate them. How to Prep for the SAT in 20 Hours Using Practice Tests Here's a step-by-step guide to using practice tests in a twenty hour study plan. You can adjust the times to your personal needs, but this plan provides a rough outline of how to go about the process of taking practice tests and evaluating your mistakes. Step 1: Take a Baseline Test (4 Hours) You will need to take an initial practice test to see where you stand score-wise and diagnose your weaknesses.Make sure that you use the appropriate time constraints and set yourself up in a quiet environment.You should also print out the test so that you can simulate realistic testing conditions. Print out this picture and give it to your family when you're taking an SAT practice test. Step 2: Analyze and Fix Your Mistakes (4 Hours) Now that you’ve taken a practice test, you can look at your incorrect answers to figure out your biggest problems.You won’t have time to fix all of your issues on the test in this short study period, but you can tackle some of the most common mistakes at a higher level. Take note of whether you messed up on certain sections in particular.If you find that you had a lot of difficulty on one part of the test, you should devote some time to figuring out what went wrong and how you can fix it.There may be a few different issues that need addressing if you hope to raise your scores significantly. Here are a couple of scenarios you might encounter and some short-term strategies for improving your performance. Running Out of Time If running out of time is an issue for you, you will be able to improve your performance through greater familiarity with the test material and smarter test-taking strategies.Do you tend to get stuck on difficult questions? On your next practice test, skip any question that you can’t figure out within 30 seconds on the Reading and Writing sections or within a minute on the Math section.You shouldn’t waste too much time struggling on hard questions. If you do, you run the risk of missing easier questions at the end of the section and losingmajor points! If you’re running into problems with time on the Reading section, you might try switching up your strategy.Most students instinctively read the passages on the SAT closely, but this can lead to time issues if you’re a slower reader.Try skimming the passages instead (read the introduction and conclusion paragraphs and the first and last sentences of each body paragraph).You should be able to answer most questions just by skimming, and it will save you a ton of time.If you find that you don't know the answer to a question, you can always go back and read specific parts of the passage more closely. Another method that might work for you is skipping the passage altogether and heading straight for the questions.On the SAT, you’re given line numbers for most of the passage-based reading questions, so you can just read the lines indicated in the questions rather than the entire passage. For more strategies to combat time management issues on the SAT, see these articles with tips for how to stop running out of time on Reading and Math. Ah, time, the forever-ticking demon that haunts us all. Careless Mistakes If you made a lot of careless mistakes, you might be rushing or not reading the questions closely enough. Acareless mistake is an incorrect answer to a question that should have been easy for you.It might be a result of misreading what the question was asking for or being overly confident and not thinking it through. Issues with careless mistakes can be fixed through more practice testing (yay!) and awareness of your time management.Careless mistakes are also easy to spot if you double check your answers for each section. You should make a point of doing this if you have any extra time at the end! Question Misunderstandings Did you find that you genuinely misunderstood some of the questions on the test? If you're running into these types of mistakes, you should continue to practice similar questions. Make sure you fully understand why the correct answer makes sense.Once you know the solution, try working through the question or problem on your own to see where you might have gone wrong.This strategy will help train your brain to handle similar questions in the future. Lack of Content Knowledge Since you don’t have very much time, gaps in your content knowledge aren’t going to be easy to fill.If there are minor things you don’t know (such as a mathematical formula or grammar rule that you need to memorize), you can review them before the next practice test.If you’re struggling with an entire content area, like functions or geometry, you might not have enough time to fix those problems.Focus on surface-level content issues to maximize your point gains in this short time window. Make sure you're content with your content knowledge. For more tips on how to review your mistakes, check out this article.You might not be able to comb meticulously through all the questions you got wrong, but there are some useful strategies that can still be implemented by students who are pressed for time. Step 3: Repeat Steps 1 and 2 (8 Hours) Now that you’ve reviewed your mistakes and tried to fix most of the issues you had on the last test, you can take another practice test to see whether you’ve improved.Go through the same process with this test as you did on the previous one.If you find that you’ve improved significantly, that’s a good sign! You may be making different types of mistakes now, so it’s worth it to do another analysis. If you didn’t improve, you should consider how you went through the process of fixing your mistakes on the first test and whether you need to implement different strategies. Step 4: Take a Final Practice Test (4 Hours) After reviewing and fixing your mistakes on the second practice test, you should take a final test to prepare for the real SAT.You can take this practice test a couple of days before your test date. Make sure you keep all the strategies in mind that you developed from reviewing your other practice tests, and don’t change your methods between now and the real SAT. Total Time: 20 Hours! Wahoo! You did it! Will 20 Hours Be Enough for Me? Depending on how much you need to improve, 20 hours might be more than enough time, but it's not an ideal amount of prep time for students who are looking for significant score improvements on the SAT.You should start preparing earlierif you hope to raise your scores by more than 200 points or are looking for a perfect score. If you're hoping to improve by 300 points or so, you may be looking at 80 hours of studying as a more realistic amount of time. Take a look at this article on how long you should study for the SAT for more information. You can also read some of these resources to learn more about why your studying for the SAT now will pay off in the future. That being said, anyone can make moderate improvements in twenty hours if she'shonest about hermistakes and takes practice tests under realistic testing conditions.If you’re new to the SAT, you will probably see some big changes in your scores from the first practice test to the third.As a general rule, however, starting your studying earlier will be better for your mental health and your performance on the test! What's Next? Worried about low SAT scores? Here are some prep and test-taking strategies specifically targeted towards low scorers that will help you improve! Do you have procrastination issues when it comes to SAT prep? Find out how to combat procrastination in preparing for standardized tests. If you have a bit more time on your hands and want to learn how to get the best scores possible, read PrepScholar's ultimate guide to SAT prep. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points?We have the industry's leading SAT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and SAT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today: Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Samantha Lindsay About the Author Samantha is a blog content writer for PrepScholar. Her goal is to help students adopt a less stressful view of standardized testing and other academic challenges through her articles. Samantha is also passionate about art and graduated with honors from Dartmouth College as a Studio Art major in 2014. 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Ideology Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ideology - Coursework Example .†( Eatwell and Wright, 17). In simple words, political ideology consists of certain notions or ideas about how the socio-political regime should function to create a certain type of social order, and concerns itself as to how the political power should be allocated and to be used to what ends. Personally my political ideology would tend be more of the conservative type. I have always believed that my country comes first, and one should consistently be ready to fight for his country, without looking at the ethical or moral side of the issue. As per my beliefs, a good, stable economic condition of a country comes from individual efforts of its citizens and a free trading order. I strongly believe that in US, especially in today’s context, the immigrants have become a huge burden, with them taking away a large share of the job market, which should in natural course have gone to the Americans. Though not overtly religious, I believe in more conservative social values, and d o not particularly endorse the concept of same sex marriage. Environmental protection certainly does not top the list of my priorities, as I feel that US has already done more than enough in this regard, and any further effort would mean job cuts and economic losses. I find private spending is more efficient than the government pattern of expenditure which is far more extravagant and inefficacious. So all these personal political ideologies put me into the bracket of what in US is known as the Conservative Republican. In regards to the government’s involvement in our lives, for better or for worse, I certainly feel that we could do without too much of interference from the government in our daily lives. Less of government certainly spells better for us. Strict trading regulations by the government tend to create problems of stagnation and a closed economy, which results in widespread poverty and destitute conditions.

Introduction to Economics Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Introduction to Economics Assignment - Essay Example Free Market Economy is also characterized by the rights of individuals to buy and hold private property (Lipsey & Chrystal 2003). This characteristic is an incentive for both buyers and producers. It allows both buyers and producers to make bold and brave decisions. Since producer knows that he can own land, capital and other factors of production, he invests money into the system. Buyers also know that they can acquire goods, property or other thing of value now and can either consume it or store it for future consumptions. This moves the wheels of the economy and leads to equilibrium quantity demand and quantity supplied in the market. It also leads to price adjustments in the economy at a point where the motives of the buyers meets the motives of the sellers or producers. This is also called market creation or market searching. Market searching is the process when the market is trying to adopt or settle at the equilibrium price. Eventually market settles down at equilibrium becaus e in over priced market supply is greater than demand which eventually leads to price going down. If the market is under priced demand is going to be higher than supply and this will result in price hike and eventually equilibrium will be reached. Free Market Economies encourage the process of market searching through market forces working without any intervention from government or other control factors. (Brue & McConnell 2006) Adam Smith also pointed out an interesting phenomenon in the system. He laid the foundations for the concept of â€Å"Invisible Hand† in the free market economy. He was referring to the fact that everything changes in response to the movement in prices. In essence, he was telling the world that in order to achieve their own motives, buyers and producers end up doing good for the system. This interesting fact can be explained in the following example. When a person earns income in this system, he spends it on his necessities, needs and wants. The money spent in the economy changes hand and transfers from the hand of the person spending the money to the producers of goods and services wanted by that person. This encourages producers of these goods and services to employ more resources and produce more goods and services. This leads to employment generation in the economy and when people are employed they tend to invest and save more. This leads to further employment generation and the cycle continues. The focus in this example is on the trickledown effect in the Free Market Economy. Many countries where the socialism dominated previously have realized the importance of Free Market Economic System and are opening up themselves for more private investment and encouraging the development of private entrepreneurs that will provide the impetus for high economic growth rates. The debate here is not about how good or bad the free market system, but it is more about why aren’t countries adopting the model of free market economy in its perfect sense. Even USA is not a totally Free Market Economy. Government controls and regulates the economy in the United States of America as well. The reason for this is simple. Extremism in any system is bad. If a system is totally dominated by private sector without any government regulation of the economy, then there are chances that private businesses might exploit the resources, consumers and the environment. This would lead

Research Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Research Project - Assignment Example By value, this constitutes about 76% and 63% by volume. There is a difference between the contribution of men and women to the skin care market. While women contribute 72% share by value, the men contribute 38% (PR Newswire 2013). Nonetheless, this is quite true, as women in the UK account for 50% of the UK population. In addition, it is a fact that in most parts of the world, women are the major users of beauty products. This is also the case in the United Kingdom. However, it is expected that in future, more men will use beauty products, as they focus more on their personal grooming and hygiene (Premium beauty news n.d). Therefore, it important to understand the different factors that influence the decision of consumers in the UK to purchase skin care products. The purpose of this research study is to explore the present environment of skin care industry in the UK. Special focus is on the loyalty of consumers, as well as their purchasing. The study will therefore, also assess the decisions of people in the UK to buy skin care products. In this case therefore, the study will explore various push factors, which influence people in the UK to buy skin care products. The scope of this research is limited to the study on the skin care market in the UK only. This involves the factors influencing the decision of people in the UK to purchase skin care products. Therefore, this study does not study the global market. For this reason, the findings of this study cannot be generalized to other skin care markets outside the UK. This is because the factors influencing the purchase of skin care products by consumers vary from country to country. The UK ranks as the third largest economy in Europe, as it comes after Germany and France (EUbusiness 2014). UK consists of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. It is served by London as the capital city. Overall, the UK has a population of approximately 61.7 million as

Guillain-Barre Syndrome Essay Example for Free

Guillain-Barre Syndrome Essay Guillain-Barre’ syndrome is a disorder in which your body’s immune system attacks your nerves. The exact cause of this syndrome is unknown, but it is however often preceded by an infectious illness such as a respiratory infection or the stomach flu. Luckily Guillain-Barre’ syndrome is uncommon, only affecting 1 or 2 people per 100,000. Guillain-Barre’ syndrome often begins with tingling and weakness starting in your feet and legs and spreading to upper body and arms. In some people however, symptoms begin in the arms or even face. As the disorder progresses, muscle weakness can evolve into paralysis. Signs and symptom may include: * Prickling, â€Å"pins and needle† sensations in fingers, toes or both * Weakness or tingling in legs that spreads to upper body * Unsteady walking or inability to walk * Difficulty in eye movement, facial movement, speaking, chewing or swallowing * Severe low back pain * Difficult in bladder/intestinal control functions * Rapid heart rate * Low or high blood pressure * Difficulty in breathing Most people with this experience their most significant weakness within 4 weeks after symptoms begin. In some cases, signs and symptoms may progress very rapidly, within a few hours. Guillain-Barre can affect all age groups. May be triggered by: most commonly an infection with Campylobacter, a type of bacteria found often in undercooked food, especially poultry. Mycoplasma pneumonia, surgery, Epstein-Barr virus, influenza, Hodgkin’s disease, mono, HIV, and rarely rabies or influenza immunizations. This syndrome affects your nerves and may prompt a domino-like effect in other systems in your body. Some complications may include: breathing difficulties. Residual numbness/tingling, full recovery may be slow often taking a year or longer, however between 20 and 30 % of patients have an incomplete recovery. Cardiovascular problems. Pain. Blood clots. Pressure sores. Guillain-Barre can be difficult to diagnose in it’s early stages. The first step is a careful review of your medical history. Then a spinal tap, and nerve tests. The most common treatment is plasmapheresis- which is also known as plasma exchange. Intravenous immunoglobulin. And as recovery begind physical therapy usually is needed to help regain strength and proper movement.

Human Resource Management :: Personnel Management

Human Resource Management This project is designed to show what I have learned in the Human Resource Management course. The project provides guidelines on the information I learned in class about real life scenarios. This would give me the opportunity to identify and explain all the factors that relate to organizational behavior. I intend to demonstrate my knowledge and my ability to implement the skills that I have acquired in this class. In the movie â€Å"Gladiator† Russell Crowe plays the role of the Roman general Maximus, who was betrayed by his friends and was ordered to be killed. He was able to escape death and return home, where he found his wife and son killed by the New Emperor. Maximus sought revenge, but he was captured by slave traders and was brought to the gladiator school. Once again Maximus showed great potential as an outstanding fighter and a leader. His decisions were quick, which made his spectators love him. Maximus was selected to go to the gladiator game in Rome; if he lived there, he would be granted freedom. Maximus accepted the offer and went to Rome. During the games, Maximus proved that he was a great leader and warrior—he was able to capture his spectators. The New Emperor was extremely frightened when he recognized Maximus as a potential threat. The Emperor had many enemies and with Maximus being in Rome, his situation was worsened. Maximus was going to over throw the Emp eror with the aid of Senate and the Emperor’s sister. Maximus’ army was loyal to him; they would help him avenge his family and over throw the Emperor. The plot against the Emperor failed, which lead Maximus’ face-to-face confrontation with the Emperor in the Coliseum. The Emperor stabbed Maximus before the match, which made him very weak. Despite the wounds inflicted by the Emperor, Maximus was able to defeat and kill the Emperor. Maximus too died (from his wounds) but he accomplished his goal to avenge his family. In my opinion Maximus is an extravert owing to his ability to get along with people. He had a lot of energy, and has a great deal of relationships with other characters in the movie. Throughout the movie, Maximus showed his ability to deal with people in many situations. For example, in the beginning of the movie, when he was fighting the barbarians before the battle he drove throughout his army talking to his soldiers and getting them ready.

Will Canada Become The 51st St :: essays research papers

Is Canada going to be swallowed up by the United States? A political cartoon based on Pierre Trudeau's famous quote, 'Living next to you (the United States) is like sleeping with an elephant. No matter how friendly and even tempered is the beast, one is affected by every twist and grunt.'; was made. This means when something occurs in the United States, we too are affected. If the United States goes to war, because we belong to N.A.T.O., Canada would support their position. If McDonalds, an American based company, were to close down, then many Canadian workers would lose their jobs since McDonalds is well established in Canada. Many Canadian businesses are American owned, such as Ford, Burger King, Chevrolet, Wendy's, and Walmart to name a few. Also, many more sports teams are owned in America than in Canada. For example, only 5 hockey teams exist in Canada, while the United States has at least 5 times more teams. Our players must be payed in American funds, and one American dollar i s worth $1.50 in Canada. Those are some ways Canada is being swallowed by the United States.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However, Canada is a valued trade partner for the Americans. For example, the United States has a dire need for our natural resources, such as water. Having polluted their own water supply, the now looks to Canada for the solution to their problem. If Canada were to become a part of the United States, our water would become polluted, forcing the United States government to buy even more clean water from another country for even more people. Also, the differences in our political systems would mean change for both the United States and Canada, which would doubtlessly upset millions of people. Would we have a President or a Prime Minister? Indeed, our 'assimilation' would be difficult. However, youth would have little trouble fitting in, since we wear the same clothes, listen to the same music, watch the same television shows, and play the same games.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But how would the assimilation begin? The answer is simple. If Quebec were to win a referendum and leave Canada, we would lose much of our industry. After Quebec, the maritime provinces would also leave, which would cripple us further. In desperate need of a stable economy, we would begin negotiations with the United States. The House of Commons would become a meaningless symbol, along with many of our historical buildings and monuments.